Disease Origin

ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, does not have a single cause. However, research indicated that various factors significantly contribute to its development. Genetics play a major role in disease origin, as ADHD often runs in families. For instance, identical twins are particularly likely to both have ADHD. 

Environmental factors and maternal health issues also contribute to the risk of developing ADHD. Brain injuries and exposure to environmental risks, such as lead found in paint and pipes, are significant factors. Maternal health conditions, like the use of alcohol or tobacco during pregnancy, premature delivery, and low birth weight, further increase the risk.

Neurobiology research on the disease origin of ADHD, especially studies using neuroimaging techniques (volumetric and functional MRI), suggests that ADHD might be a disorder of early brain development. These studies have shown that specific brain areas are smaller in people with ADHD compared to those without. Additionally, research indicates an imbalance in the level of neurotransmitters in the brain, which affects their functioning.